Graphite nkhungu kuponyera mosalekeza
Graphite nkhungu kuponyera mosalekeza
Wopitiriza kuponyera graphite nkhungu amatanthauza mankhwala graphite ntchito amatha kuumba mosalekeza. Chitsulo mosalekeza kuponyera ukadaulo ndi ukadaulo watsopano womwe umasandutsa chitsulo chosungunuka kukhala chinthu chopitilira nkhungu mosalekeza. Chifukwa sichitha kugudubuza ndikukhala chinthu mwachindunji, kutentha kwachiwiri kwazitsulo kumapewa, motero mphamvu zambiri zimatha kupulumutsidwa.
Wopitiriza kuponyera graphite amapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira mafuta (petroleum coke, phula coke, phula yamakala ...) pambuyo pazinthu zingapo zopanga. Pakati pawo, ndondomeko psinjika akhoza kukhala motero ozizira psinjika akamaumba kapena ozizira isostatic kukanikiza ndondomeko akamaumba. Njira yotsogola kwambiri yozizira kwambiri isostatic ikukakamizidwa kuti iwonetsedwe kuti ipangidwe yunifolomu, wandiweyani komanso wamphamvu kwambiri poponyera graphite. Kuchulukitsa kwa chithandizo chaukadaulo pamwamba kumatha kuyimba moyo wautumiki wa graphite crystallizer, kusintha mtundu wazitsulo zoponyera mosalekeza, ndikuwonjezera liwiro mosalekeza.
Poyerekeza ndi zida za graphite pazinthu zina, graphite yopitilira imakhala ndi izi: ma particles abwino, kapangidwe kake, yunifolomu yayikulu, porosity yotsika komanso mphamvu yayikulu. Magwiridwe ake ndi awa:
|
Chizindikiro |
Cholozera |
|
C Zamkatimu (%) |
99.9 ~ 99.995 |
|
Kuchuluka kwa Bulk (g / cm3) |
1,75 ~ 1.90 |
|
Mphamvu Zolimba (MPa) |
60 ~ 100 |
|
Flexural Mphamvu (MPa) |
24 ~ 50 |
|
Achinyamata Modulus (GPa) |
7 ~ 11 |
|
Chikhululukiro (%) |
14 ~ 21 |
|
Kukaniza Kwake (μΩ · m) |
10 ~ 20 |
Chidule cha kukula kwa kuponyera graphite mosalekeza kunyumba ndi akunja
1) Mayiko amadziona kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri pakukula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito graphite mosalekeza. Izi zikhoza kutsimikiziridwa kuchokera kuwonjezeka kwa mitundu yambiri yopitilira graphite, kusintha kwa njira, komanso kusintha kwabwino. Mwachitsanzo, Germany ndi Japan angayese kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri pokonza graphite mosalekeza, motero amapanga mitundu yambiri ya graphite yopitilira mosalekeza, ndipo mtunduwo ulinso wabwino. Mbiri zamkuwa ndikuponya chitsulo ukadaulo woponyera mosalekeza nawonso amapangidwa.
2) Munjira yakukula kwazinthu, mayiko akunja adalabadira kwambiri za kukula kwa mbewu zabwino kwambiri, zopindika kwambiri, isotropic graphite ngati graphite yopitilira. Makamaka, kampani yaku Germany Linsdorf yakhala ndi zokumana nazo zambiri mderali ndipo yatenga njira zambiri. Kampani ya Toyo Tansuo yaku Japan nayo yakhala ikugwira, ndipo ili ndi mwayi wopitilira. Ku China, Dongshin Electric Carbon Plant ndi Shanghai Carbon Plant akhala akuchita bwino m'derali zaka zingapo zapitazo. Pofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito a graphite crystallizer, ukadaulo wapamwamba wokutira umalandiridwa, womwe umathandizira kwambiri pakusintha kwa moyo wautumiki wa graphite wopitilira mosalekeza. Soviet Union idalandira ukadaulo wa boron nitride, pomwe zokutira za graphite zopitilira mdziko langa zimayikidwa pyrolytic graphite. Ngakhale sichinakhale chofala kwambiri, chalandiridwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, Shanghai Electric Carbon Plant imagwiritsanso ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zowonjezera 0,6 mpaka 2% ya ma oxide achitsulo, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito makina azitsulo izi kuti asanduke kutentha kwambiri pa 2500 ℃ graphitization kutentha kwambiri, potero kumapangitsa kukaniza kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mosalekeza akuponya graphite. Kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chokweza moyo wantchito.
3) Mfundo zikuluzikulu za mosalekeza kuponyera graphite wakhala patsogolo. Poona kuti mtundu wa zikuluzikulu mosalekeza kuponyera graphite uli ndi kusiyana kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi maiko akunja, kuyenera kuyesayesa kwakukulu kuti apange. Izi ndizoyenera kutengera chidwi cha opanga, potengera maubwino azachuma komanso zachuma.
4) M'dziko langa, ukadaulo wopitilira wa mbiri zamkuwa wapanga mwachangu, kuyambira koyambirira, uli ndi mulingo wokulirapo, ndipo uli ndi chidziwitso chokhwima komanso cholemera. Kupitilira kwaukadaulo kwa mbiri yopitilira ndikupangika kumene, ndipo ukadaulo wopitilira wopitilira umafunikira Ngakhale graphite itha kugwiritsidwabe ntchito, kusintha ndikuwongolera ndikofunikira.
5) Kafukufuku akuyenera kuchitika kukonza Machining molondola mosalekeza kuponyera graphite nkhungu ndi kusintha kapangidwe mankhwala. Imeneyi ndi njira imodzi yopititsira patsogolo graphite crystallizer. Germany ndi Soviet Union ali zofunika momveka bwino mankhwala Machining, ndi owerenga zoweta nawonso akuyembekeza kuti roughness wa khoma lamkati la mosalekeza kuponyera graphite akhoza bwino, amene angathandize kupewa ming'alu padziko kuponyera lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kukonza mayiko olumikizana nawo. Mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka mosalekeza kuponyera graphite kuyenera kusinthidwa kuti malo olumikizirana pakati pake ndi nkhungu yamkuwa ifike 80%.
